The
best
account
of
a
home
journey
is
in
Ac
27.
The
Jews
poured
into
Italy,
especially
to
Rome,
and
had
been
familiar
to
the
Italians
long
before
Christianity
came.
A.
Souter.
ITCH.
—
See
Medicine,
p.
599''.
ITHAI.—
See
Ittai,
2.
ITHAjyiAR.
—
The
fourth
and
youngest
son
of
Aaron
and
Elisheba
(Ex
6^'
etc.);
consecrated
priest
(Ex
28'S);
forbidden
to
mourn
for
Nadab
and
Abihu
(Lv
10«),
or
to
leave
the
Tent
of
Meeting
(v.');
afterwards
entrusted
by
Moses
with
priestly
duties
(Lv
lO'^ff)
and
rebuked
by
him
for
neglect
(v.™-);
set
over
the
Ger-shonites
and
the
Merarites
in
connexion
with
the
service
of
the
Tent
of
Meeting
(Nu
4"-"
7"-,-
cf.
also
Ex
38");
ancestor
of
Eli
(cf.
1
K
2"
with
1
Ch
24';
Jos.
Ant.
VIII.
i.
3).
The
family
in
David's
time
was
only
half
the
size
of
Eleazar's
(1
Ch
24<).
It
was
represented
among
the
returned
exiles
(Ezr
8^).
W.
Taylob
Smith.
ITHIEL.—
1.
A
Benjamite
(Neh
11').
2.
One
of
two
persons
to
whom
Agur
addressed
his
oracular
sayings,
the
other
being
Ucal
(Pr
30').
Neither
LXX
nor
Vulg.
recognizes
proper
names
here,
and
most
modern
commentators
point
differently
and
tr.
'
I
have
wearied
myself,
O
God,
I
have
wearied
myself,
O
God,
and
am
consumed.'
So
RVm.
ITHLAH.—
A
town
of
Dan,
near
Aijalon
(Jos
19<2).
The
site
is
unknown.
ITHMAH.
—
A
Moabite,
one
of
David's
heroes
(1
Ch
11«).
ITHNAN.—
A
city
in
the
Negeb
of
Judah
(Jos
W);
site
uncertain.
ITHRA.
—
The
father
of
Amasa,
and
husband
of
Abigail,
David's
sister.
He
is
described
as
an
Israelite
in
2
S
17'',
but
the
better
reading
is
'Jethei
the
IshmaeUte'
(1
Ch
2i').
ITHRAN.—
1.
Eponym
of
a
Horite
clan
(Gn
36m,
1
Ch
1").
2.
An
Asherite
chief
(1
Ch
7"),
probably
identical
with
Jether
of
the
following
verse.
ITHREAM,
—
The
sixth
son
of
David,
born
to
him
at
Hebron
(2
S
S',
1
Ch
3=).
ITHRITE,
THE.—
A
gentilic
adjective
applied
to
the
descendants
of
a
family
of
Kiriath-jearim
(1
Ch
2"),
amongst
whom
were
two
of
David's
guard
(2
S
23^',
1
Ch
ll'"
Ira
and
Gareb).
Possibly,
however,
the
text
of
2
S
23
and
1
Ch
11
should
be
pointed
'the
Jattirite,'
i.e.
an
inhabitant
of
Jattir
(mentioned
in
1
S
SQf
as
one
of
David's
haunts)
in
the
hill-country
of
Judah
(Jos
15"
21").
See
Jattir.
ITS.
—
It
is
well
known
that
this
word
occurs
but
once
in
AV,
Lv
25',
and
that
even
there
it
is
due
to
subsequent
printers,
the
word
in
1611
being
'it'
—
'that
which
groweth
ot
it
owne
accord.'
The
use
of
'it'
for
'its'
is
well
seen
in
Shaks.
King
John,
ii.
i.
160,
'Go
to
it
grandam,
child:
Give
prandam
kingdom,
and
it
grandam
will
Give
It
a
plum,
a
cherry,
and
a
fig.'
The
form
'its'
was
only
beginning
to
come
into
use
about
1611.
The
usual
substitutes
in
AV
are
'his'
and
'thereof.'
Thus
Mt
6=*
'But
seek
ye
first
the
kingdom
of
God,
and
his
righteousness,'
where
Tindale
has
'the
rightwisnes
thereof
(RV
takes
the
pronoun
to
be
masculine,
referring
to
God,
not
kingdom,
and
retains
'his').
ITTAI.—
1.
A
Gittite
leader
who,
with
a
following
of
six
hundred
PhiUstines,
attached
himself
to
David
at
the
outbreak
of
Absalom's
rebeUion.
In
spite
of
being
urged
by
David
to
return
to
his
home,
he
determined
to
follow
the
king
in
his
misfortune,
affirming
his
faith-fulness
in
the
beautiful
words:
'
As
the
Lord
liveth.
and
as
my
lord
the
king
liveth,
surely
in
what
place
my
lord
the
king
shall
be,
whether
for
death
or
for
life,
even
there
also
will
thy
servant
be'
(2
S
15").
He
therefore
remained
in
the
service
of
David,
and
soon
rose
to
a
position
of
great
trust,
being
placed
in
com-mand
of
a
third
part
of
the
people
(2
S
18').
2.
A
Benjamite,
son
of
Ribai,
who
was
one
of
David's
mighty
men
(2
S
23",
1
Ch
ll"
[in
the
latter
Ithai]).
W.
O.
E.
Oesteklet.
ITURiEA
[the
name
is
probably
derived
from
Jetur,
who
is
mentioned
in
Gn
25"
and
1
Ch
l^'
as
a
son
of
Ishmael],
with
Trachonitis,
constituted
the
tetrarchy
of
Philip
(Lk
3').
But
whether
'Itursea'
is
employed
by
the
EvangeUst
as
a
noun
or
an
adjective
is
a
disputed
point.
Ramsay
contends
(Expositor,
Jan.,
Feb.,
Apr.,
1894)
that
no
Greek
writer
prior
to
Eusebius
in
the
4th
cent.
A.D.
ever
uses
it
as
the
name
of
a
country.
The
Iturseans
as
a
people
were
well
known
to
classical
writers.
According
to
Cicero
(Philipp.
u.
112),
they
were
a
'predatory
people';
according
to
Csesar
(Bell.
Afr.
20),
they
were
'skilful
archers';
according
to
Strabo
(xvi.
ii.
10
etc.),
they
were
'lawless.'
They
seem
to
have
migrated
originally
from
the
desert
to
the
vicinity
of
Southern
Lebanon
and
Coele-Syria.
Both
Strabo
and
Josephus
(Ant.
xiii.
xi.
3)
locate
them
in
these
parts.
The
Romans
probably
caused
them
to
retreat
towards
the
desert
again
shortly
before
the
Christian
era.
Lysanias
the
son
of
Ptolemy
is
called
by
Dio
Cassius
(xlix.
32)
'king
of
the
Iturseans.'
He
was
put
to
death
by
Mark
Antony
in
B.C.
34.
Zenodorus
his
successor
died
in
b.c.
20,
whereupon
a
part
of
his
territory
fell
into
the
hands
of
Herod
the
Great;
and
when
Herod's
kingdom
was
divided,
it
became
the
posses-sion
of
Philip
(Jos.
Ant.
xv.
x.
3).
Whether
Ituraea
and
Trachonitis
overlapped
(as
Ramsay
thinks),
or
were
two
distinct
districts
(as
Strabo),
is
uncertain;
G.
A.
Smith
in
his
art.
'Ituraea'
in
Hastings'
DB
is
non-committal.
The
passage
in
Luke
seems
to
favour
a
distinct
and
definite
district,
which
was
probably
somewhere
N.E.
of
the
Sea
of
Galilee.
George
L.
Robinson.
IVORT
(sliSn,
lit.'
tooth
'
;
and
shenhabbim,'
elephants'
teeth'
[but
reading
doubtful],
1
K
10i»,
2
Ch
9»).—
Ivory
has
been
valued
from
the
earliest
times.
In
Solomon's
day
the
Israelites
imported
it
from
Ophir
(1
K
1022):
it
was
used
in
the
decorations
of
palaces
(22'»).
The
'tower
of
ivory'
(Ca
T)
may
also
have
been
a
building
decorated
with
ivory.
Solomon
had
a
throne
of
ivory
(1
K
lO''-^").
'Beds
of
ivory,'
such
as
are
mentioned
in
Am
6*,
were,
according
to
a
cuneiform
inscription,
included
in
the
tribute
paid
by
Hezekiah
to
Sennacherib.
E.
W.
G.
Masterman.
IVVAH.—
A
city
named
in
2
K
IS"
19",
Is
37",
along
with
Sepharvalm
and
Hena,
as
conquered
by
the
Assyrians.
Its
real
name
and
location
are
both
un-certain.
It
is
frequently
identified
with
A
wa
of
2
K
17".
Some
would
make
it
the
name
not
of
a
city
but
of
a
god.
See,
further,
art.
Hena.
IVY.
—
This
plant
(Hedera
helix)
grows
wild
in
Palestine
and
Syria.
It
is
mentioned
in
2
Mac
6'.
See
Diontsia.
lYE-ABARIM
('lyim
of
the
regions
beyond,"
distinguishing
this
place
from
the
lira
of
Jos
15^').
—
The
station
mentioned
in
Nu
21"
33"
(in
v.«
lyim
alone)
and
described
(2in)
as
'in
the
wilderness
which
is
before
Moab
toward
the
sun-rising,'
and
more
briefly
(33«)
as
'in
the
border
of
Moab.'
Nothing
is
known
as
to
its
position
beyond
these
indications.
lYIM
('heaps'
or
'ruins').
—
1.
Short
form
of
lye-abarim
in
Nu
33«.
2.
Jos
\S"
(AV
and
RV
incorrectly
lim),
a
town
in
Judah,
one
ot
the
'uttermost
cities
toward
the
border
of
Edom.'
