HARSHA
by
the
discovery
of
the
original
Hebrew
of
Sir
38"
where
'
who
setteth
his
mind
to
"
harrow
"
in
the
furrows'
would
be
an
absurd
rendering.
There
Is
no
evidence
that
the
Hebrews
at
any
time
made
use
of
an
implement
corresponding
to
our
harrow.
Stiff
soil
was
broken
up
by
the
plough
or
the
mattock.
Cf.
AGRicutrnRE,
§
1.
A.
R.
S.
Kennedy.
HARSHA.
—
Eponym
of
a
family
of
Nethinim
(Ezr
2k,
Neh
TH);
caUed
in
1
Es
5^2
Charea.
HARSITH.
—
The
name
of
a
gate
in
Jerusalem
(Jer
192
Rv).
RVm
has
'the
gate
of
potsherds,"
i.e.
where
they
were
thrown
out.
AV,
deriving
the
word
from
heres
'sun,'
has
'the
east
gate,'
AVm
'the
sun
gate.'
This
gate
led
into
the
Valley
of
Hinnom.
HART,
HIND
('ayydl,
'ayyOiah,
and
'ayydeth).
—
This
is
the
fallow-deer,
the
'iyyBi
of
the
Arabs,
Cervus
dama.
It
is
not
common
in
W.
Palestine
to-day,
but
evidently
was
so
once
(IK
4^):
it
is
mentioned
as
a
clean
animal
in
Dt
121S-
22
etc.
Its
habits
when
pursued
are
referred
to
in
Ps
421
and
La
V.
The
'
fallow-deer
'
of
Dt
14^
and
1
K
423
refers
to
the
roe
(wh.
see).
The
hind
is
mentioned
in
Gn
4921,
Job
39',
Ps
29=
etc.
Its
care
of
its
young
(Jer
145),
the
secrecy
of
its
hiding-place
when
calving
(Job
39'),
and
its
timidity
at
such
times
(Ps
29')
are
all
noticed.
In
Gn
49^'
Naphtali
is
compared
to
'
a
hind
let
loose,'
although
many
prefer
to
render
a
'slender
terebinth.'
E.
W.
G.
Mastebman.
HARUM,—
A
Judahite
(1
Ch
48).
HARtlSIAPH.
—
Father
of
Jedaiah,
who
assisted
in
repairing
the
walls
of
Jerusalem
(Neh
S'").
HARUPHITE.—
See
Haeiph.
SARTTZ.
—
Father
of
Meshullemeth,
mother
of
Amou
king
of
Judah
(2
K
21").
HARVEST.
—
See
AGHicuLTnKE.
HASADIAH
CJ"
is
kind').—
A
son
of
Zerubbabel
(1
Ch
32").
HASHABI&H.—
1.
2.
Two
Levites
of
the
sons
of
Merari
(1
Ch
6«
9",
Neh
11").
3.
One
of
the
sons
of
Jeduthun
(1
Ch
25').
4.
A
Hebronite
(1
Ch
26™).
5.
The
'ruler'
of
the
Levites
(1
Ch
27").
6.
A
chief
of
the
Levites
in
the
time
of
Josiah
(2
Ch
35');
called
in
1
Es
1=
Sabias.
7.
One
of
the
Levites
who
were
induced
to
return
under
Ezra
(Ezr
8")
;
called
in
1
Es
8«8
Asebias.
8.
One
of
the
twelve
priests
entrusted
with
the
holy
vessels
(Ezr
S^);
called
in
1
Es
8"
Assamias.
9.
The
'ruler
of
half
the
district
of
Keilah,'
who
helped
to
repair
the
wall
(Neh
3"),
and
sealed
the
covenant
(Neh
10"
1224-
2«).
10.
A
Levite
(Neh
II22).
11.
A
priest
(Neh
122').
jn
all
probability
these
eleven
are
not
all
distinct,
but
we
have
not
sufficient
data
to
enable
us
to
effect
the
necessary
reduction
of
the
list.
HASHABNAH.
—
One
of
those
who
sealed
the
cove-nant
(Neh
1028).
HASHABNEIAH.—
1.
Father
of
a
builder
of
the
wall
(Neh
3'»).
2.
A
Levite
(Neh
9=).
It
is
possible
that
we
ought
to
identify
this
name
with
Hashabiah
of
Ezr
8'»-
2<,
Neh
10"
II22
122».
HASHBADDANAH.
—
One
of
the
men
who
stood
on
the
left
hand
of
Ezra
at
the
reading
of
the
Law
(Neh
8')
;
called
in
1
Es
9"
Nabarias.
HASHES!.
—
See
Gizonite,
Jashen.
HASHMONAH.
—
A
station
in
the
journeyings
of
the
Israelites,
mentioned
only
in
Nu
3329-
">.
HASHUBAH.—
A
son
ot
Zerubbabel
(1
Ch
32").
HA;SHUU.
—
1.
The
eponym
of
a
family
of
returning
exiles
(Ezr
2"
10",
Neh
722
lO's);
called
in
1
Es
933
Asom.
2.
One
ot
those
who
stood
on
Ezra's
left
hand
at
the
reading
of
the
Law
(Neh
8<);
called
in
1
Es
9"
Lothasubus.
HASID^ANS
(AV
Assideans;
Heb.
chasUdlm,
'the
Kous').
—
A
group
of
religionists
in
Judsea
(1
Mac
2*2)
HATTIL
to
be
distinguished
from
the
priestly
party
who
had
come
under
the
influence
of
Hellenism.
The
Hasidaeans
were
devoted
to
the
Law,
and
refused
to
compromise
in
any
way
with
the
Hellenizlng
poUcy
enforced
by
Antiochus
iv.
They
furnished
the
martyrs
of
the
persecution
under
that
monarch.
Strictly
speaking,
they
were
not
a
political
party,
and
probably
lived
in
the
smaller
Jewish
towns,
as
well
as
in
Jerusalem.
They
joined
with
Mattathias
in
his
revolt
against
the
Syrians,
but
were
not
interested
in
the
political
outcome
of
the
struggle,
except
as
it
gave
them
the
right
to
worship
Jehovah
according
to
the
Torah.
After
Judaa
had
cleansed
the
Temple,
they
separated
themselves
from
the
Hasmonsan
or
Maccabaean
party,
and
united
with
them
only
temporarily,
when
they
found
that
under
Alcimus
the
Temple
worship
was
again
threatened.
Their
defection
from
Judas
was
largely
the
cause
of
his
downfall.
Although
their
precise
relation
to
the
Scribal
move-ment
cannot
be
stated,
because
of
lack
of
data,
it
is
clear
that
the
Hasidaeans
must
have
included
all
the
orthodox
scribes
and
were
devotees
to
the
growing
Oral
Law.
They
were
thus
the
foreruimers
of
the
Pharisees
and
probably
of
the
Essenes,
which
latter
party,
although
differing
from
them
in
rejecting
animal
sacrifice,
probably
preserved
their
name.
Both
the
Pharisees
and
the
Essenes
represented
a
further
develop-ment
of
views
and
practices
which
the
Hasidaeans
embodied
in
germ.
Shaileh
Mathews.
HASMOK^ANS.—
See
Maccabees.
HASRAH.
—
See
Habhas.
HASSENAAH.—
His
sons
built
the
Fish-gate
(Neh
3').
Their
name,
which
is
prob.
the
same
as
Hasseuuah,
seems
to
be
derived
from
some
place
Senaah
(cf.
Ezr
288,
Neh
788).
See
Senaah.
HASSENITAH
.
—
A
family
name
found
in
two
different
connexions
in
the
two
lists
of
Benjamite
inhabitants
of
Jerusalem
(1
Ch
9',
Neh
11=).
Cf.
preced.
article.
HASSHUB.—
1.
2.
Two
builders
of
the
wall
(Neh
3"-28).
3.
One
of
those
who
signed
the
covenant
(Nehl028).
4.
A
Levite
ot
the
sons
of
Merari
(1
Ch
9",
Neh
11'b).
HASSOPHERETH.—
See
Sophebeth.
HAStrPHA.—
The
head
of
a
family
of
Nethinim
who
returned
with
Zerub.
(Ezr
2",
Neh
7")
;
called
in
1
Es
529
Asipha.
HAT.—
See
Deebs,
§
5
(a).
HATCHET
(Ps
748
RV).—
See
Arts
and
Crafts,
§
1.
HATHAGH.
—
A
eunuch
appointed
by
the
king
to
attend
on
queen
Esther.
By
his
means
Esther
learned
from
Mordecai
the
details
ot
Haman's
plot
against
the
Jews
(Est
45-
8.
9.
10).
HATHATH.—
A
son
ot
Othniel
(1
Ch
4'3).
HATIPHA.—
Eponym
of
a
family
of
Nethinim
(Ezr
28*,
Neh
788);
called
in
1
Es
582
Atipha.
HATITA.
—
Eponym
ot
a
guild
of
porters
(Ezr
2",
Neh
7«);
called
in
1
Es
528
Ateta.
HATRED.—
Personal
hatred
is
permitted
in
the
OT,
but
forbidden
in
the
NT
(Mt
5<8-i6).
Love
is
to
char-acterize
the
Christian
life
(Mt
228'-»»).
The
only
hatred
it
can
express
is
hatred
of
evil
(He
1',
Jude
23,
Rev
2'
17").
In
Lk
1428
and
Jn
1226
the
use
of
the
verb
'
hate'
by
Jesus
is
usually
explained
as
Oriental
hyperbole;
and
we
are
gravely
assured
that
He
did
not
mean
Jiate,
but
only
love
less
than
some
other
thing.
It
would
seem
fairer
to
suppose
that
He
meant
what
He
said
and
said
what
He
meant;
but
that
the
hatred
He
enjoined
applied
to
the
objects
mentioned
only
so
far
as
they
became
identified
with
the
spirit
of
evil
and
so
an-tagonistic
to
the
cause
of
Christ.
D.
A.
Hayes.
HATTIL.
—
Eponym
of
a
family
of
'the
children
of
Solomon's
servants'
(Ezr
2",
Neh
789);
called
in
1
Es
5"
Agia.
