JAZIZ

by Khirbei SSr, about 7 miles W. of 'Amman, a mile E. of Wady Sir. Judas Maccabseus took the city, which was then in the hands of the Ammonites (1 Mac 5'; Jos. Ant. XII. viii. 1). W. EwiNQ.

JAZIZ. — A Hagrite who was 'over the flocks' of king David (1 Ch 27").

JEALOUSY.— The law of the 'jealousy ordeal' (in which a wife suspected of unfaithfulness had to prove her inno-cence by drinking the water of bitterness [' holy water ' mixed with dust from the floor of the Tabernacle]) is found in Nu 6"-". The conception of idolatry as adultery and of Jehovah as the Husband of Israel led the OT writers frequently to 'speak of Him as a jealous God (Ex 20«, Dt 6», Jos 2419, i k 14!2, Ps 78«8, Ezk 36«, Nah 1^). ■This jealousy ia the indication of Jehovah's desire to maintain the purity of the spiritual relation between Himself and His people. Extraordinary zeal for this same end is characteristic of the servants of Jehovah, and is sometimes called jealousy with them (2 Co 11', Nu 25"- ", 1 K 19'°). A few times the word is used in a bad sense (Ro 13", 1 Co 3', 2 Co 122°, Gal 5^', Ja3'<i«). D.A.Hayes.

JEABnVt, MOUNT.— Mentioned only in Jos 15", where it is identified with Chesalon (wh. see).

JEATHERAI.— An ancestor of Asaph (1 Ch 6^); called in v." Ethni.

JEBEREOHIAH.— The father of Zechariah, a friend of Isaiah (Is 8^).

JEBUS, JEBUSITES. — The former Is a name given to Jerusalem by J in Jg 19" and imitated by the Chronicler (1 Ch 11<); the latter is the tribe which inhabited Jerusalem from before the Israelitish conquest till the reign of David. It was formerly supposed that Jebus was the original name of Jerusalem, but the letters of Abdi-Khiba among the el-Amarna tablets prove that the city was called Jerusalem ( Uru^salim) about B.C. 1400. No trace of Jebusites appears then. When they gained possession of it we do not know. J states that at the time of the Israelite conquest the king of Jerusalem was Adoni-zedek (Jos 10'), and that the Israelites did not expel the Jebusites from the city (Jos 15'', Jg 1"). During the time of the Judges he tells us that it was in possession of the Jebusites ( Jg 19") , and gives a brief account of its capture by David (2 S 5»-8). E mentions the Jebusites only once (Nu IS^'), and then only to say that, like the Hittite and Amorite, they inhabit the mountain. The favourite list of Palestinian nations which D and his followers insert so often usually ends with Jebusite, but adds nothing to their history. P mentions them once (Jos 15'). They are mentioned in Neh 9' and Ezr 9' in Usts based on P, while Zee 9' for archaic effect calls dwellers in Jerusalem 'Jebusite' (so Wellhausen, Nowack, and Marti). The name of the king, Adoni-zedek, would indicate that the Jebusites were Semitic, — probably related to the Canaanite tribes.

David captured their city and dwelt in it, and it was subsequently called the 'city of David.' From refer-ences to this (cf . Jerusalem) it is clear that the Jebusite city was situated on the southern part of the eastern hill of present Jerusalem, and that that hill was called Zion. Its situation was supposed by the Jebusites to render the city impregnable (2 S 5').

One other Jebusite besides Adoni-zedek, namely, Araunah, is mentioned by name. The Temple is said to have been erected on a threshing-floor purchased from him (cf. 2 S 24'i'-2«, 2 Ch 3'). It would seem from this narrative that the Jebusites were not exterminated or expelled, but remained in Jerusalem, and were gradually absorbed by the Israelites.

George A. Bahton.

JEOHILUH (in 2 K 15^ Jecoliah) .— The mother of king Uzziah (2 Ch 26»).

JECHONIAH. — See Jehoiachin.

JEHOADDAH

JECHONIAS.— 1. The Gr. form of the name of king Jeconiah, employed by the English translators in the books rendered from the Greek (Ad. Est 11<, Bar 1'- '); called in Mt !"'■ Jechoniah. 2. 1 Es 8'2=Ezr 10^ Shecaniah.

JECOLIAH.— See Jechiliah.

JECONIAH.— See Jehoiachin.

JECONIAS. — 1. One of the captains over thousands in the time of Josiah (1 Es 1'); called in 2 Ch 35' Conaniah. 2. See Jehoahaz, 2.

JEDAIAH.— 1. A priestly family (1 Ch 9'° 24', Ezr 2" [in 1 Es 5^ Jeddul, Neh 7" lli" 12»- '• "• 21).

2. One of the exiles sent with gifts of gold and silver for the sanctuary at Jerusalem (Zee 6'»- "). 3. A Simeonite chief (1 Ch 4''). 4. One of those who repaired the wall of Jerusalem (Neh 3'°).

JEDDU (1 Es 5") =Ezr 2» Jedaiah.

JEDEUS (1 Es 9") =Ezr lO^' Adaiah.

JEDIAEL. — 1. The eponym of a Benjamite family (1 Ch 7«- !»• "). 2. One of David's heroes (1 Ch 11«), probably identical with the Manassite of 122". 3_ The eponym of a family of Korahite porters (1 Ch 26').

JEDIDAH.— Mother of Josiah (2 K 22').

JEDIDIAH ('beloved of J"').— The name given to Solomon by the prophet Nathan (2 S 122«) 'for the Lord's sake.' See Solomon.

JEDUTHUN. — An unintelligible name having to do with the music or the musicians of the Temple. Accord-ing to 1 Ch 25' etc., it was the name of one of the three musical guilds, and it appears in some passages to mask the name Ethan. Jeduthun iJeditlmn) occurs in the headings of Pss 39. 62. 77, and appears to refer to an instrument or to a tune. But in our ignorance of Hebrew music it is impossible to do more than guess what Jeduthun really meant. W. P. Cobb.

JEELI (1 Es 5») =Ezr 2«« Jaalah, Neh 76' Jaala.

JEELUS (1 Es 8»2) =Ezr 10= Jehiel.

JEGAR-SAHADUTHA ('cairn of witness').— The name said to have been given by Laban to the cairn erected on the occasion of the compact between him and Jacob (Gn 31").

JEHALLELEL.— 1. A Judahite (1 Ch 4"). 2. A Levite (2 Ch 29'^).

JEHDEIAH. — 1. The eponym of a Levitical family (1 Ch 242°). 2. An officer of David (1 Ch 27'»).

JEHEZKEL ('God strengtheneth,' the same name as Ezekiel) . — A priest, the head of the twentieth course, 1 Ch 24'6.

JEHIAH. — The name of a Levitical family (1 Ch 152«).

JEHIEL. — 1. One of David's chief musicians (1 Ch

1518. 20 lee). 2. A chief of the Levites (1 Ch 23' 29').

3. One who was 'with (=tutor of ?) the king's sons' (1 Ch 27'2). 4. One of Jehoshaphat's sons (2 Ch 21^).

6. One of Hezekiah's 'overseers' (2 Ch 31"). 6. A ruler of the house of God in Josiah's reign (2 Ch 35').

7. The father of Obadiah, a returned exile (Ezr 8»); called in 1 Es 8» Jezelus. 8. Father of Shecaniah (Ezr 102); called in 1 Es S" Jeelus, perhaps identical with 9. One of those who had married foreign wives (Ezr 1028); called in 1 Es 92' Jezrielus. 10. A priest of the sons of Harim who had married a foreign wife (Ezr 102'); called in 1 Es 921 Hiereel.

JEHIELI. — A patronymic from Jehiel No. 2 (1 Ch 2621. 22. cf. 238 298).

JEHIZKIAH. — An Ephraimite who supported the prophet Oded in opposing the bringing of Judsean captives to Samaria (2 Ch 28'2'').

JEHOADDAH.— A descendant of Saul (1 Ch 88«); called in 9*2 Jarah.

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