prosperous,
dealing
as
she
did
in
very
fine
wares.
It
lias
been
held
that
Lydia
is
the
proper
name
of
this
woman;
but
it
seems
more
likely
that
it
merely
means
'the
Lydian,'
and
that
it
was
the
designation
by
which
she
was
ordinarily
known
at
Phllippl.
She
is
not
mentioned
(at
least,
by
that
name)
in
St.
Paul's
Epistle
to
the
Philippians,
and
unless
we
identify
her
with
Euodia
or
Syntyche,
she
had
probably
left
the
city
when
the
Apostle
wrote;
for
a
conjecture
of
Renan's,
see
art.
Synzygus.
The
incident
in
Ac
16
is
one
example
out
of
many
of
the
comparatively
independent
position
of
women
in
Asia
Minor
and
Macedonia.
A.
J.
Maclean.
LYE.
—
See
Nitke
and
Soap.
LYRE.
—
See
Music
and
Musical
Instruments,
4
(1)
(a).
LYSANIAS.
—
This
tetrarch
of
Abilene
is
mentioned
only
in
Lk
3'.
St.
Luke
has
been
accused
of
gross
inaccuracy
here,
and
is
said
tfl
be
referring
to
a
Lysanias
who
died
b.c.
36.
But
that
Lysanias
was
king
(not
tetrarch)
of
Ohalcis
(not
Abilene).
Josephus
speaks
of
'
Abila
of
Lysanias
'
and
of
a
tetrarchy
of
Lysanias;
he
is
confirmed
on
the
latter
point
by
a
medal
and
an
in-scription.
Thus
Luke's
statement
is
made
at
least
quite
probable.
Perhaps
Lysanias
was
a
dynastic
name
of
the
rulers
of
Abilene.
Abila
was
the
capital
of
Abilene,
and
lay
on
the
N.
side
of
Mount
Hermon.
See
also
Abilene.
A.
J.
Maclean.
LYSIAS.
—
1.
A
general
of
Antiochus
Epiphanes,
charged
with
a
war
of
extermination
against
the
Jews
(1
Mac
3™.,
cf.
2
Mac
10"
lli«);
defeated
at
Bethsura
(1
Mac
4'<''-)
;
after
the
death
of
Epiphanes
he
championed
the
cause
of
Eupator,
and
finally
suffered
death
along
with
the
latter
at
the
hands
of
Demetrius
(6"«-
»
7^-*,
2
Mac
142).
Cf.
art.
Maccabees,
§
2.
2.
See
next
article.
LYSIAS,
CLAUDIUS.—
A
chiliarch
of
a
cohort
in
Jerusalem
who
rescued
St.
Paul
from
the
Jews
in
the
Temple
and
took
him
to
the
'Castle,'
—
the
fortress
Antonia
which
commanded
the
Temple.
His
second
MAASEAS
name
shows
him
to
have
been
a
Greek,
but
he
had
bought
the
Roman
citizenship
(Ac
22^8)
and
taken
the
name
Claudius.
On
account
of
a
plot
he
sent
St.
Paul
guarded
to
Felix
at
Caesarea,
and
wrote
a
letter
of
which
the
version
in
Ac
23'«,
although
doubtless
only
a
para-phrase,
yet
clearly
represents
the
true
sense.
It
is
just
what
we
should
expect
from
Lysias,
being
much
more
favourable
to
his
course
of
action
than
the
real
facts
warranted.
(See
art.
Eqyptian
[The]).
A.
J.
Maclean.
LTSIMACHITS.—
1.
The
translator
of
the
Greek
edition
of
Esther
into
Greek
(Ad.
Est
11').
2.
The
brother
of
the
high
priest
Menelaus.
He
excited
the
hatred
of
the
populace
by
his
systematic
plundering
of
the
Temple
treasures,
and
was
finally
killed
in
a
riot
(2
Mac
42»-
»»-«).
LYSTBA
(modern
Khatyn
Serai).
—
A
city
situated
about
18
miles
S.S.W.
of
Iconlum
in
the
south
of
the
Roman
province
Galatia
and
in
the
Lycaonian
part
of
that
province,
connected
with
Pisidian
Antioch
by
the
direct
miUtary
'Imperial
road,'
which
did
not
pass
through
Iconium
(Ramsay
in
Studies
in
the
History
and
ArtoftheEastemProvincesoftheBomanEmpire,
p.
2ilO.).
Both
Pisidian
Antioch
and
Lystra
were
'colonies'
(see
Colony)
estabUshed
by
the
Emperor
Augustus
in
a.d.
6
to
make
the
Roman
occupation
more
effective,
and
the
ofScial
language
of
these
was
Latin.
Hardly
any
re-mains
of
the
city
exist
above
groimd.
No
trace
of
the
temple
of
Zeus-before-the-City
(Ac
14")
has
been
found,
but
it
is
probable
that
a
coUege
of
priests
was
attached
to
it.
The
sacrifice
to
Barnabas
and
Paul
as
Zeus
and
Hermes
(or
rather
the
national
Lycaonian
gods
corresponding
to
these)
took
place
at
the
entrance
to
it.
The
town
appears
not
to
have
been
much
Grecized,
and
the
uncultivated
populace
expressed
themselves
in
Lycaonian.
There
were
Jews
in
Lystra
(Ac
16'),
but
there
was
evidently
no
synagogue.
Timothy
was
a
native
of
Lystra,
which
was
visited
by
St.
Paul
four
times
in
all
(Ac
14»-
21
16'
18!»),
and
addressed
by
him
in
the
Epistle
to
the
Galatians.
A.
Souteb.
UAACAH.—
1.
A
eon
of
Nahor
(Gn
22").
2.
The
daughter
of
Talmai,
wife
of
David,
and
mother
of
Absalom
(2
S
3'
etc.).
3.
The
father
of
Achish,
king
of
Oath
(1
K
2"),
possibly
the
same
as
Maoch
(1
S
27^).
4.
Wife
of
Rehoboam,
and
mother
of
Abijah
(2
Ch
H^").
When
she
is
called
'daughter'
of
Absalom
(1
K
IS^-
'•,
2
Ch
IV"),
'granddaughter'
may
be
intended,
as
Absalom
had
but
one
daughter,
Tamar,
who
may
have
married
Uriel
of
Gibeah
(2
Ch
13^,
where
the
name
is
given
as
Micaiah;
cf.
Jos.
Ant.
vii.
x.
1).
Maacah
fell
under
the
spell
of
loathsome
idolatry,
for
which
Asa
deposed
her
from
the
position
of
queen-mother,
which
she
appears
to
have
held
till
then
(1
K
15",
2
Ch
15").
5.
A
concubine
of
Caleb
(1
Ch
2").
6.
Wife
of
Machir
(1
Ch
7"').
7.
Wife
of
Jehiel,
the
father
of
Gibeon
(1
Ch
8"
9»).
8.
One
of
David's
warriors,
father
of
Hanan
(1
Ch
11").
9.
The
father
of
Shephatiah,
the
captain
of
the
Simeonltes
(1
Ch
27'»).
W.
Ewing.
MAACAH.
—
A
small
kingdom
out
of
which
the
Aramsean
(1
Ch
19»)
inhabitants
were
not
driven
(Jos
13").
It
probably
lay
in
what
is
now
known
as
the
Jaulan,
E.
of
the
Sea
of
Galilee
and
the
Upper
Jordan
(Dt
3",
Jos
12'
13"),
but
its
borders
cannot
now
be
determined.
Its
king
and
army
were
hired
against
David
by
the
Ammonites,
and
shared
their
overthrow
in
the
battle
fought
near
Medeba
(2
S
10,
1
Ch
19).
The
inhabitants
were
called
Maacathites
(2
S
23"
etc.).
W.
EwiNO.
MAADAI.
—
One
of
the
sons
of
Bani,
who
had
married
a
foreign
wife
(Ezr
10");
1
Es
9"
Momdis.
MAADIAH.
—
A
priestly
family
which
returned
with
Zerubbabel
(Neh
12»);
called
in
v."
Moadiah.
UAAI.
—
One
of
the
sons
of
Asaph
who
took
part
in
the
dedication
of
the
walls
(Neh
12»).
mAALEH-ACBABBIM.—
Jos
15'
AV
('ascent
of
Akrabbim,'
RV).
See
Akrabbim.
MAANI
(1
Es
S«0
=
Meunim,
Ezr
2«»,
Neh
7«.
HAABATH.—
A
town
of
Judah
(Jos
IS").
Possibly
the
name
survives
in
Belt
'UmmOr,
west
of
'Tekoa.
MAABEH-GEBA
(AV
'the
meadows
of
Gibeah,'
RVm
'the
meadow
of
Geba').
—
The
place
from
which
the
men
placed
in
ambush
rushed
forth
to
attack
the
Benjamites
(Jg
20").
There
can
be
little
doubt
that
we
ought
to
emend
MT
to
'
to
the
west
of
Geba
'
(better
Gibeah).
MAASAI.
—
The
name
of
a
priestly
family
(1
Ch
9")-
MAASEAS.
—
The
grandfather
of
Baruch
(Bar
1')
=
Mabseiah
of
Jer
32'2
51".